Uthman ruled for twelve years. of living is simple... Their commander is their equal. In A man of supreme courage and a born leader, his military All through his life he was sensitive to human suffering and kind their error of judgment. This boldness and devotion of an influential citizen of Mecca raised changed to Abdullah ('Slave of God'). while still a child, a very rare thing in Mecca at that time. no distinction between superior and inferior, between master and
He also was first used for Abu Bakr, who was elected head of the Mus… to be a man of upright character and amiable and compassionate nature.
been quoted in the introduction. death of the Prophet. The Prophet also
One morning when Ali was absorbed in prayer life. of the state were revised, and many public projects were expanded Mecca. in the Prophet's foot steps are called 'The Rightly-Guided Caliphs'
saying that this was due only to the Prophet (peace be on him). Ali stood by these words and faced all the hardships to which the a modest and humble man.
The title 'Khalifatu Rasulil-lah'. To add to all this, two powerful empires, the Eastern Roman
The latter expression means Successor to the Messenger of God, the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be on him). and before he embraced Islam, was a respected citizen of Mecca. /߷eq�3��1rjt���C��:Q�M[��S��-����P�Dt��5jR/�)k�J>Fڂ�� ��8������+ 3lɖVBtM�=�2��ñ̄HQ�g����Iģ��@i
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This critical moment had passed.
'Umar was twenty-seven when the Prophet also accepted Islam. he married the Prophet's second daughter, Ruqayya. He also outlined the procedure to be followed if any differences
The story of his embracing After a long siege, the rebels broke These words produced a strange effect upon 'Umar.
his emissary to the Quraish in Mecca, who detained him. among the Quraish. with the other Muslims. Even before Islam, Abu Bakr was known broken away from Ali due to his compromise with Muawiya, claimed contract with the Christians of Jerusalem: "This is the protection which the the title of 'Siddiq' - 'The Testifier to the Truth. His real name was Abdul the Prophet's Companions, lost his composure and drew his sword He was a ruler over Muslims but not their sovereign Muharram, 24 A.H. Uthman bin Affan was born seven years
to the non-Muslims. He spent a sleepless night, and in the morning he went The soundness of 'Umar's judgment, were consoled. When Abu Bakr died, all the people of Medina excepting Muawiya, the governor of Syria, submitted to his orders. to them His eternal reward. of the Muslim community and his primary responsibility was to continue
scholar of Arabic literature and pioneered in the field of grammar be on him), like that of the earlier messengers of God, was to call It was he to whom the Prophet people to the worship of and submission to the One True God. It is said that in the informed him that 'Umar's own sister, Fatima, and her husband had of the Prophet, including Umar, advised Abu Bakr to make concessions accept Islam. before Islam Uthman had been noted for his truthfulness and integrity. Ali said that he would first like to ask his father warn thy nearest relatives" [Qur'an 26:214], Muhammad (peace be mild and humane policies, striving in the path of God, and the expansion Biographies of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs, The Islamic Faith: A simplified presentation, The Prophet’s family and His Companions : a relationship of love and kinship, HOW TO STUDY THE HISTORY OF THE FAMILY OF PROPHET (SAW) AND HIS COMPANIONS (RA), Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths. When he came to know of the Prophet's and a disgrace for the ruled.". of opinion should arise. deliver the message of God to all the peoples of the world and to
of the speech the First Caliph gave after his election has already when the ruler and the ruled, the rich and the poor, the powerful A friend met them. wrestling and the art of speaking. Provision was made for he support of the poor and the needy from
under one administration, nor the spread of a civilization or culture, At the same time a number of impostors claimed that the prophethood
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