Kim, who was not involved in the study, said this kind of research helps provide a "sense of urgency" for policy-makers to address such concerns. The Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) also gives the federal government the authority to regulate many aspects of air pollution. Emissions can be reduced by means of burning less or cleaner fuel (eg, natural gas instead of coal, low sulphur gasoline and diesel fuel), more efficient burning of fuel (ie, at higher temperatures or with oxygen added), better vehicle fuel economy, and installation of and improved maintenance of pollution-control devices (scrubbers, catalytic converters), including inspection and maintenance programs for older motor vehicles. Air Canada for Business: Click here for all updates. Air quality forecasting and smog advisories are jointly issued by provincial and federal authorities, along with routine reporting of air pollution indices and the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI). Evans said that's because vehicle systems designed to reduce those emissions, such as catalytic converters are "really not designed for the Canadian climate" and work poorly in cold temperatures. And the differences are stark. When new evidence emerged this week that dirty air makes COVID-19 more lethal, it surprised no one who has followed the science of air pollution—but the scale of the effect was striking. Pollutants are classified based upon their origin or chemical and physical properties. One of the most serious recorded air-pollution episodes in Canada was the "Grey Cup smog" of November 1962, which lasted 5 days. The sources of air pollution include industry, transportation, domestic activities (eg, heating, cooking, woodsmoke), agriculture (fertilizers, blowing dust, , herbicides, animal waste, farm odours) and forestry (pesticides, forest fires). Researchers also recorded traffic levels as the air was being sampled. In the longer-term, replacing normal vehicle volumes with EVs would have the same life-saving effect, Copyright © 2020 – Electric Autonomy Canada – ArcAscent Inc. – All Rights Reserved, As provinces deem EV charging essential, infrastructure providers work to maintain business as usual, Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment, New research cluster to advance Canadian zero-emission bus technology. No momento a Air Canada oferece o serviço de Web Check-in apenas em inglês e francês. Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map. That is blamed on the. Consequently, the concentrations of many air pollutants tend to co-vary. Most of the results compiled in Wednesday's report have already been published in a dozen peer-reviewed publications that are listed in the report itself. Metal corrosion, caused mainly by SO2 and sea spray, takes the form of increased rust and metal fatigue. These include dust storms, forest fires, sea spray, vegetation through the release of spores or pollen and biogenic gases, and volcanoes. WHO data shows that 9 out of 10 people breathe air containing high levels of pollutants. Newly unveiled research from the University of Toronto has also observed a significant drop in pollution levels in downtown Toronto. In, Munn, R.E., and J.r. Brook, "Air Pollution". Comments are welcome while open. A future driven by zero-emission vehicles, however, has the potential to make cleaner air a permanent reality and should therefore be a priority for policymakers as Canada begins to emerge from this crisis, Edger argues. Particulate matter (PM) consists of solid or liquid phase compounds and is categorized by aerodynamic diameter (in microns, abbreviation µm): <10 µm (thoracic particles (PM10)), <2.5 µm (fine particles (PM2.5)), <0.1 µm (ultrafine particles (UFP)), and between 2.5-10 µm (coarse particles (PM2.5-10)). Thus, episodes are associated with light winds and temperature inversions (temperature increasing with height, a condition reducing wind gusts and pollutant dilution rates), which result in smog. Subsequently, the pollutant moves with the wind, is diluted by wind eddies and is deposited. We reserve the right to close comments at any time. Air Canada (including Kayak, Google Flights, and Skyscanner): Call us at 1-888-247-2262 (click here for international and other numbers). If all vehicles in Canada were to become electric, our level of air quality could increase even from the levels we are currently seeing. Water vapour released from fuel combustion may cause ice fog in winter in such northern cities as Edmonton, and thus might be considered a pollutant in those circumstances. “The most effective, low-cost, and transformative public policy for Canada to improve our air quality is to increase electric vehicle sales by adopting a mandate similar to… what Quebec, British Columbia, California, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts and other U.S. states already have — requiring automakers to sell a certain percentage of zero-emission vehicles with a credit trading system to improve overall market efficiency,” says Edger. “Air pollution produces approximately 14,000 early deaths each year in Canada,” Robin Edger, executive director and CEO of the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment, told Electric Autonomy. "That's one way of addressing the small contingent of vehicles that are emitting the highest amounts of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Ammonia, methane, pesticides (eg, persistent organic pollutants or POPs), reduced sulphur compounds, re-suspended dust and natural coarse particles are associated with non-combustion surface or fugitive releases arising from a variety of human (eg, agriculture) and natural (eg, erosion) activities. "And the concentrations of diesel exhaust exposure that we saw surprised me. By submitting a comment, you accept that CBC has the right to reproduce and publish that comment in whole or in part, in any manner CBC chooses. Air pollutants are substances that, when present in the atmosphere in sufficient quantities, may adversely affect people, animals, vegetation or inanimate materials. “The reduction in air pollution is only temporary… and has come from changes that are not sustainable and are as a result of a pandemic that has caused enormous human suffering,” says Edger. For some pollutants, monitoring was done in real time. Pollutant concentrations vary on multiple time scales with emission rates, weather patterns and diurnal/seasonal cycles in solar radiation and temperature having the greatest impact on concentrations. Combustion PM2.5 is composed of many chemical compounds, including organic carbon species, elemental or black carbon (commonly known as soot), and trace metals (eg, lead, arsenic, nickel, mercury). Other strategies include regional land-use planning, increased mass transit, tradeable discharge permits, development of pollutant-resistant strains of vegetation, and development of paints and metals, etc, with less harmful evaporative emissions and increased life expectancies in polluted environments. Southern Ontario Centre for Atmospheric Aerosol Research, CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices. This can lead to greater numbers of people being exposed to similar levels. Reduced sulphur (eg, H2S) is a problem near pulp and paper mills, sour gas flaring, sewage treatment and agricultural practices. Air pollution levels are "definitely too high for the public" near major roadways in Canadian cities — especially at rush hour and in winter — and poorly maintained diesel trucks are largely to blame, says the lead author of a new study that monitored pollutants in Vancouver and Toronto over two years. When dissolved in cloud and rain, sulphate and nitrate lead to acid rain. These acts specify emission standards (maximum permissible rates of release of designated pollutants from particular types of sources) and ambient air-quality objectives or standards (maximum permissible concentrations of designated pollutants in the outdoor environment), such as the Canada-wide standards for PM and O3. Mobile monitoring stations were also used to see how representative the permanent monitoring results were; they recorded similar results. VOCs can undergo reactions converting toxic substances to less toxic products or vice versa. Natural emissions can play an important role in the levels of air pollution depending upon time and place. Closed Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem. Key examples are benzene, toluene, xylene, 1,3-butadiene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Freight is the fastest growing sector within transportation, according to the Pembina Institute, a think-tank focused on clean energy. and J.r. Brook. The Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) also gives the federal government the authority to regulate many aspects of air pollution. There is concern that control and policy actions designed to resolve one kind of air pollution issue may worsen another.
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