Both aircraft were making steep turns and losing height, but Linnard was too late and the Macchi, turning inside the Hurricane, had already hit the cockpit area. [57] 2000 Héja I of the Hungarian MKHL 1 and 2/1 Vadászszázad, as well as IAR 80C and Bf 109E/G of Romanian FARR 4 and 5 detached at the same base and Saki (Crimea) in a holding action against the VVS armada of 2,000 aircraft, at a time when the Axis air forces only countered with 300 operative aircraft, which were further constrained by having very small quantities of fuel, munitions and equipment available. Angelucci and Matricardi 1980, pp. They had provisions for armament, but the engine was the Viper 11 Mk 200 and not the Viper 20 Mk 540. Its airframe was stripped of components and donated to the Historical Aircraft Restoration Society Inc to be used as a gate guardian. [37][38], From early October 1941, the Italian units commenced extensive operations over Malta, which provided many opportunities for encounters with RAF fighters. Both the wing and fuselage structures were of a conventional metal design, having a single vertical tail with two elevators, and a wing of relatively conventional design with two main spars and 23 ribs. It also saw limited use on the Eastern Front. The type had ultimately failed to impress other NATO nations, who only sparsely adopted it into their air forces. The MC.200 had excellent manoeuvrability and general flying characteristics left little to be desired. On 24 July 1942, the unit was shifted to Tatsinskaya Airfield, with 24 Saettas. Recognising the potential to better fulfil this role, several different companies independently chose to commence the development of purpose-built aircraft to serve as trainers; these included the French Fouga Magister, the American Cessna T-37 Tweet, the British Jet Provost, and the Czechoslovakian Aero L-29. Even so, the MB-326 was supplemented by new Pilatus PC-9 trainers to reduce flying hours, and the last examples had been withdrawn by 2001 when they were replaced by the Hawk 127.[14]. The MB-326 had been developed and ordered during a period in which "all-through" jet training was considered by many air forces to be the most cost-effective model for training of military pilots. 1 x Isotta-Fraschini V.4B liquid-cooled inline piston engine developing 160 horsepower. In practice, it was soon discovered that the simplicity and economy of scale of operating just one type for all training purposes was outweighed by the purchase and operating costs of a large all-jet training fleet. The canopy was hinged on the starboard base and opened sideways. [45], During Operation Harpoon, one of two simultaneous Allied convoys sent to supply Malta in the Axis-dominated central Mediterranean Sea in mid-June 1942, C.202s were involved in clashing with Sea Hurricanes. The ailerons, elevators and rudder were metal stru… The first prototype (MM.336) C.200 flew on 24 December 1937, in Lonate Pozzolo, Varese, with Macchi Chief Test Pilot Giuseppe Burei at the controls. The Breda design was as heavy as the Browning M2, the model from which it was derived. "La Caccia Italiana 1940–43" (in Italian). When Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940, 144 C.200s were operational, half of which were serviceable. [66][60], The C.202s played a significant role in the defense of Sicily and Southern Italy against bombing attacks launched by the USAAF, however, by the time of Allied invasion of Sicily during July 1943, their effectiveness had been diminished considerably as a result of attrition, which had reduced the number available. [74] At the end of the summer, those C.202s that were still in a flight-worthy condition, based in Borovo, were used by Croatian cadets for training purposes. By early 1943, Regia Aeronautica had only 54 serviceable C.202 across 12 squadrons. [13] Breda would eventually produce the majority of the type. [72], According to aviation authors Dragan Savic and Boris Ciglic, Croatian pilots did not at first have a high opinion of the Macchi fighter, in part due to its armament consisting of just a pair of 12.7 mm and two 7.7mm machine guns, which were regarded as scarcely effective against the heavily armed US four-engined bombers. [3][5] This prototype, designated as I-MAKI, was first publicly demonstrated over France. [5] Seventeen of these victories were obtained in 73ª Squadriglia, 9° Gruppo (from 4° Stormo).
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