Shiloh A week after capturing Fort Henry on the Tennessee River, Union Brigadier General Ulysses Grant began his assault on Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River, a key gateway to the Confederacy. Fort Donelson Confederate States of America Order of Battle. Battle of Fort Donelson Capture of General SB Buckner and his army February 16th 1862. The battle began when the Confederate Army launched a surprise attack on Union forces ...read more, The Fort Pillow Massacre in Tennessee on April 12, 1864, in which some 300 African-American soldiers were killed, was one of the most controversial events of the American Civil War (1861-65). On February 13, one of Ulysses S. Grant’s (1822-85) officers, Brigadier General John McClernand (1812-1900), initiated the Battle of Fort Donelson when he tried unsuccessfully to capture a rebel battery along the fort’s outer works. Grants victory ensured that Kentucky would remain in the … The favorable outcome for the Union in the Civil War ultimately results in his election as president of the United States in 1868. Brigadier General John McClernand’s division attempts to reform its lines, but the ongoing Rebel attacks continue to drive his forces to the southeast. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant into the national spotlight and enabled Union advances up the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers. The Union forces arrived on February 12, 1862. The Union army retreats, but inexplicably, Confederate Brig. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11 to February 16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. On February 14, 1862 U.S. Navy (Union) gunboats attempted to reduce the fort with naval gunfire, but were forced to withdraw after sustaining heavy damage from Donelson's water batteries. The construction of the Fort Donelson started in the year 1861 by Daniel S. Donelson and was named after him. Gen. John B. Floyd as the commander of Fort Donelson and the surrounding region. Preserve 108 Acres of the Most Important Unprotected Battlefield Land! The success elevated Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant to capture Fort Donelson (February 1862). Why Is The Battle of Fort Donelson Significant. He sent a series of letters to the army General-in-Chief, Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan. In truth, Grant began the siege without enough troops to take the fort by storm. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant advanced cross-country to invest Fort Donelson. See more ideas about american civil war, civil war, civil war history. Halleck, however, spurned Buell’s plan of action, but no sooner had he done so than he authorized his subordinate, Brigadier General Grant, to lead of expedition to undertake the very same operation that he had rejected. Despite many disagreements, they determine that surrender is the only viable option for the garrison. The Battle of Fort Henry was fought on February 6, 1862, in Donelson, Stewart County, Tennessee, during the American Civil War.It was the first important victory for the Union and Brig. Wood engraving. Colonel Heiman's Brigade 10th, 30th, 42nd, 48th, 53d Tennessee Infantry 27th Alabama Infantry Maney's Tennessee Battery Light Artillery The capture of the fort by Union forces opened the Cumberland River as an avenue for the invasion of the South. February 11-16, 1862 Estimated Casualties: 17,398 total (US 2,331; CS 15,067) After capturing Fort Henry on February 6, 1862, Brig. The Battle of Fort Donelson was one of the earlier battles in the Civil War, having been fought in February of 1862. The battle of Fort Donelson took place shortly after the battle of Fort Henry, Tennessee, also a Union victory under then-brigadier general Grant.. After their loss of Fort Henry, the Confederates faced some disagreeable choices. Battle of Fort Donelson LCCN2003664149.jpg. Fort Donelson Summary: The Battle of Fort Donelson involved the capture of Ft. Donelson, Tennessee and provided access to the Cumberland River as a means of invading the Confederacy.It was fought from February 11 to February 16, 1862 and established General … Many of Foote’s ironclads are heavily damaged, and Foote himself is wounded in the attack. The fort and surrounding earthworks covered 15 acres. Grant received the public’s adoration. How did Grant’s victory at Fort Donelson get him in trouble with his commander, Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck? The Battle of Fort Henry on February 6, 1862, was the first significant Union victory of the American Civil War (1861-65). It was much larger, with a stronger garrison, about 100 feet above the river, and on a ridge which narrowed routes for infantry attack. Select from premium Battle Of Fort Donelson images of the highest quality. Jealous of the attention given to a man he felt was beneath him, Halleck soon started a behind-the-scenes effort to undermine Grant. Sign up to receive emails with our resources for educators to support their work – in the classroom and online. Battle of Fort Donelson Contributor Names Grundy, E. (composer) Kidd, John (lyricist) Created / Published H. M. Higgins, Chicago, 1863. The walls of Fort Donelson, a typical earthern fortification, were formed in an irregular circle which enclosed about 15 acres. The Battle of Fort Donelson. SIR: Fort Henry, on the Tennessee River had falled to Union forces on February 6, 1862, but not before most of the Rebel garrison had retreated to the much stronger Fort Donelson, 12 miles away on the Cumberland River. Fort Donelson National Battlefield is now part of the National Park Service. Grant is eventually promoted to major general for his victories in Tennessee. What was the personal relationship between Ulysses S. Grant and Simon B. Buckner? Following his victory at Fort Henry on the Tennessee River, Grant marched his troops to Fort Donelson. The subsequent duel between Foote’s “Pook Turtles” and the heavier guns at the fort lead to a Union defeat. This month marks the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Fort Donelson (February 12–16, 1862), the first major Union victory of the Civil War. Even though Halleck advised restraint, on February 11 Grant began the advance overland from Fort Henry to Fort Donelson. As the Army of the Potomac crossed the Rapidan River on May 4, ...read more, In May 1864, Confederate forces clashed with the advancing Union Army in the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, which lasted for the better part of two weeks and included some of the bloodiest fighting of the Civil War. The capture of the fort by Union forces opened the Cumberland River, an important avenue for the invasion of the South. Grant was, by then, terminally ill, but welcomed Buckner, explaining in a note, “I have witnessed since my sickness just what I wished to see ever since the war; harmony and good feeling between the sections….We may now look forward to perpetual peace at home and a national strength that will secure us from any foreign complication.”. Your tax-deductible gift will help us to preserve this irreplaceable twice-hallowed ground at Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor — forever. Jul 26, 2018 - Explore Bobby Lawrence's board "Battle of Fort Donelson" on Pinterest. Fort Donelson, on the Cumberland River, and Fort It took place in the year 1862 on February 11th to 16th in the Western Theater of the Civil War. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11 to February 16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.The capture of the fort by Union forces opened the Cumberland River, an important avenue for the invasion of the South. Battle of Fort Donelson, ... two armies collided in rural Tennessee to fight over two forts that controlled the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. Early in the war, Union commanders realized that control of the major rivers would be the key to success in the Western Theater. The Battle of Fort Donelson, Tennessee (Taken From "The Confederate Military History") General Grant invested Fort Donelson on the 12th of February, 1862, with 15,000 troops, reinforced that evening by six regiments of infantry and Flag-Officer Foote's fleet of four ironclad and two wooden gunboats--the St. Louis, Carondelet, Louisville, Pittsburg, Tyler and Conestoga. In February 1862, General Ulysses S. Grant, a native Ohioan, led a Union force that captured Fort Donelson from the Confederacy. The victory at Fort Donelson was certainly front page news. After the fall of Confederate-held Fort Henry on the Tennessee River to the Union on February 6, 1862 (largely thanks to Union gunboats), thousands of rebel troops were sent to reinforce the larger Fort Donelson, which was located 10 miles away on the Cumberland River—another key gateway to the Confederacy. Originally constructed in 1829 as a coastal garrison, U.S. Major Robert Anderson occupied the unfinished fort in ...read more, The Battles for Chattanooga (November 23 to November 25, 1863) were a series of battles in which Union forces routed Confederate troops in Tennessee at the battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge during the American Civil War (1861-65). The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! The Battle of Fort Donelson After the fall of Fort Henry, Brig. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Did you know? Gen. Ulysses S. Grant advanced 12 miles to invest Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River. In 1864, he led his troops in a controversial attack on Fort Pillow, in which some 300 black Union troops were killed after surrendering. Halleck, however, spurned Buell’s plan of action, but no sooner had he done so than he authorized his subordinate, Brigadier General Grant, to lead of expedition to undertake the very same operation that he had rejected. Contributor: Sneden, Robert Knox Date: 1862-02-14 Gen. Ulysses S. Grant into the national spotlight and enabled Union advances up the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers. The forces of General Grant were now between Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston's two main forces. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. Answer quickly.”, Finally, he made false assertions about Grant: “I have had no communication with General Grant for more than a week. Buckner fronted him some money to pay for his lodgings. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11 to 16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11–16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.The Union capture of the Confederate fort near the Tennessee–Kentucky border opened the Cumberland River, an important avenue for the invasion of the South.The Union's success also elevated Brig. Even though Halleck advised restraint, on February 11 Grant began the advance overland from Fort Henry to Fort Donelson. Grant had resigned from the army and fallen on hard times. Flag Officer Andrew H. Foote’s ironclads move upriver to bombard Fort Donelson. The fall of this heavily fortified fort on the Tennessee River was deep in the heart of the confederacy. … The Battle of Fort Donelson (Feb. 13-16, 1862) Begun in the East, the war was spreading to the West, even beyond the Mississippi where the fate of the important border state of Missouri and the chief city of the West in those days, St. Louis, hung in the balance between slaveholding and non -slaveholding elements. General Johnston made his headquarters at Nashville, Tennessee. Smith in command.” Halleck was all too happy to do so. One of them was Simon Buckner. Others followed cavalryman Col. Nathan Bedford Forrest across swollen Lick Creek. Of the estimated 24,500 Union troops who fought at Fort Donelson, total casualties were around 2,700. The Rebels were led by Brigadier General Floyd, Brigadier General Pillow and Brigadier General Buckner. Fort Donelson was a much stronger work than Fort Henry. Of the approximately 16,000 Confederates who had engaged in battle, more than 12,000 were captured or missing, while approximately 1,400 others were wounded or killed. The Fort Donelson National Battlefield, located along the banks of the Cumberland River, is a great place to visit. General Lloyd Tilghman was the commander of Fort Donelson. By February 13, most of Grant’s soldiers are positioned on the landward (western) side of the fort. Only several thousand troops managed to escape before Fort Donelson was surrendered on February 16. Halleck was simply ignored. The Battle of Fort Donelson (February 11-16, 1862) was one of the Union’s first major victories in the American Civil War (1861-65). The Battle of Fort Donelson began on February 13 and, after sharp fighting, concluded on February 16 with the unconditional surrender of the remaining Confederate garrison of approximately 15,000. Find the perfect Battle Of Fort Donelson stock illustrations from Getty Images. I told him that if he had been in command I should not have tried in the way I did: I had invested their lines with a smaller force than they had to defend them, and at the same time had sent a brigade full 5,000 strong, around by water; I had relied upon their commander to allow me to come up safely outside their works.”. The success elevated Brig. The Union leaders were General Ulysses S. Grant and Flag Officer A.H. Foote. In keeping with Grant’s hopes for reconciliation and unity, two former Union generals and two former Confederate generals served as pallbearers at his funeral. Grant and Halleck worked together through the rest of the war. That morning, February 16, Buckner asked Grant for terms. Every purchase supports the mission. Located in Tennessee, Fort Donelson guarded the Cumberland River. A week after capturing Fort … Grant was suddenly a national hero—to all, it seemed, except his superior officer, Maj. Gen. Henry W. Halleck. Contributor: Sneden, Robert Knox Date: 1862-02-14 On February 16, after Confederate forces under Brigadier General John Floyd failed to break through Grant’s lines, the Confederates relinquished the fort, meeting Grant’s terms of “unconditional and immediate surrender.” Grant’s victory ensured that Kentucky would remain in the Union and helped open up Tennessee to future Union advances. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Preserve 28 Acres at Two Critical Eastern Theater Battlefields. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11–16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War.The Union capture of the Confederate fort near the Tennessee–Kentucky border opened the Cumberland River, an important avenue for the invasion of the South.The Union's success also elevated Brig. Virtual Tour of Fort Donelson: 120 Lock D Rd, Dover, TN 37058 Located in Dover, Tennessee on the Cumberland River, this inter-active virtual tour includes pop-up information with historical interpretive markers (there is a zoom option for reading the signage). Why should we go through vain forms and mortify and injure the spirit of brave men, who, after all, are our own countrymen?” These courtesies were not lost on Buckner, who remembered them long after the war. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant was determined to move quickly onto the much larger Fort Donelson, located on the nearby Cumberland River. Buckner, who knew Grant at West Point, is hoping for generous terms from the Union general. After the fall of Fort Henry on February 6, 1862, Brig. A land and naval battle, this Union victory […] First, Halleck suggested to McClellan that the army promote C. F. Smith over Grant, pointing out that “by his coolness and bravery at Fort Donelson when the battle was against us, [Smith] turned the tide and carried the enemy’s outworks.” Next, he sought a promotion for himself, imploring McClellan: “I must have command of the armies in the West. The Battle of Fort Donelson (February 11-16, 1862) was one of the Union’s first major victories in the American Civil War (1861-65). Poised to strike again, the Federal soldiers are surprised to see white flags flying above the Confederate earthworks. Battle of Fort Donelson – Capture of General S.B. Halleck slipped out of the lie he created by saying that Grant’s questionable actions were well intentioned and for the public good, and then he cleared him: “There never has been any want of military subordination on the part of General Grant….”. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in the Western Theater.. On February 4 and 5, Grant landed two divisions just north of Fort Henry on the Tennessee River. After an indecisive battle in the dense Virginia woods ...read more, On September 19-20, 1863, Braxton Bragg’s Army of Tennessee defeated a Union force commanded by General William Rosecrans in the Battle of Chickamauga, during the American Civil War. On February 15, the Confederates tried to break out of the Yankee perimeter. I propose to move immediately upon your works.” The Confederate general accepts Grant’s ultimatum but sends back a petulant reply: “The distribution of the forces under my command, incident to an unexpected change of commanders, and the over-whelming force under your command, compel me, notwithstanding the brilliant success of the Confederate arms yesterday, to accept the ungenerous and unchivalrous terms which you propose.”, But the exchange between the commanders grows more cordial when they meet face to face. General Grant invested Fort Donelson on the 12th of February, 1862, with 15,000 troops, reinforced that evening by six regiments of infantry and Flag-Officer Foote's fleet of four ironclad and two wooden Reinforcements continued to arrive. The decisive Union victory at Fort Donelson thrust Brig. This was the first major Union victory of the war, which opened up much of Kentucky and Tennessee to Union control. Confederate losses were much higher due to the surrender and numbered 327 killed, 1,127 wounded, and 12,392 captured. The surrender is now a fact. Images showing the fort, the ships, the land battle and major figures involved appeared within just two weeks of the events. Buckner is said to have once joked, “Grant…has… many merits and virtues…but he has one deadly defect. Hesitation and delay are losing us the golden opportunity.... May I assume the command? Grant was stunned, writing later, “Thus in less than two weeks after the victory at Donelson, …I was virtually in arrest and without a command.”, Halleck’s false allegations eventually caught up with him. On February 15, 1862 with their fort surrounded , the Confederates, commanded by Brig. The Confederates immediately began improving the defenses of the half-built fort. On February 16, after Confederate forces under Brigadier General John Floyd failed to break through Grants lines, the Confederates surrendered the fort, giving the Union one of its first major victories of the American Civil War (1861-65). After graduation, they both served in the Mexican-American War in General Winifred Scott’s division. Army of the Tennessee-Wikipedia. Grant reasons, correctly, that the Confederate right must be greatly reduced in strength given the heavy assault from the Confederate left. We have the fort, the men, the guns. Fort Donelson Confederate States of America Order of Battle. A map of Fort Donelson. Brigadier General Gideon J. Pillow's Division. When I was poor, he borrowed $50 of me; when I was rich, he borrowed 15,000 men.” Somehow, their relationship survived Fort Donelson. The twin victories at Forts Henry and Donelson were the first major Union successes of the war and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. It was fought from February 11 to February 16, 1862 and established General … The Surrender of Fort Donelson, on February 16, 1862. February 15 and 16. Rather than retreating from the fort and escaping to safety, he opted to pull his men back into their entrenchments. However, Grant’s boast that he would take Donelson by February 8 quickly runs into challenges. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. While Halleck was instrumental is supporting Grant’s campaign, he had not been stationed in Tennessee and had not participated in the engagements there. Battle of Fort Donelson Location: 120 National Park Rd. The Battle of Fort Donelson (Feb. 13-16, 1862) Begun in the East, the war was spreading to the West, even beyond the Mississippi where the fate of the important border state of Missouri and the chief city of the West in those days, St. Louis, hung in the balance between slaveholding and non -slaveholding elements. Cover illustration, 9 x 10 3/4. When President Lincoln demanded proof of his star general’s misdeeds, Halleck could not deliver any concrete evidence against Grant. Early in the morning, the Confederate assault strikes the Union right and drives it back from its positions on Dudley’s Hill. The generals who fought at Fort Donelson might have been enemies, but they were hardly strangers. At Fort Donelson, Grant icily rejected Buckner’s surrender with conditions, but later offered him money should he need it during his capture. Confederate soldiers and slaves built the walls by piling dirt over an inner-structure of trees which had been cut down in the area. Battle of Fort Donelson Kurz & Allison.jpg 888 × 664; 495 KB. The addition of the Confederate troops who escaped from Fort Henry raised the number of defenders at Fort Donelson to 6,000. Fort Donelson, on the Cumberland River, hosted the momentous battle of the Western Theater where the Confederate Forces Surrendered, giving way to the fall of Confederate rule in the West. When the rebels asked for terms of surrender, Grant replied that no terms “except unconditional and immediate surrender” would be acceptable. They first met at the United States Military Academy at West Point in the 1840s. . See more ideas about american civil war, civil war, civil war history. Fort Henry had been lost, and the … The battle was fought immediately after the surrender of Fort Henry, Tennessee on February 6th, 1862. Nearly 17,000 Confederate soldiers, combined with improved artillery positions and earthworks, convince Floyd that a hasty retreat is unnecessary. Coming on the heels of taking Fort Henry, the Union was then able to capture Fort Donelson. We suggest checking online or calling ahead as you plan your visits. In 1854, their paths crossed again in New York City. Even with these defections, more than 13,000 Confederate soldiers remain in the fort. The construction of the Fort Donelson started in the year 1861 by Daniel S. Donelson and was named after him. He is disappointed to receive Grant’s terse response: “No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. Stay up-to-date on the Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. During the night, Confederate leaders discuss their options. Attack and capture of Fort Donelson, Tenn. by Genl. The Union victory at Fort Donelson forced the Confederacy to give up southern Kentucky and much of Middle and West Tennessee. Poor winter weather, late-arriving reinforcements, and difficulties in moving the ironclad ships up the Cumberland delay Grant’s advance on the fort. In an effort to gain control of rivers and supply lines west of the Appalachians, Union Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant and Commodore Andrew Foote ...read more, The Battle of Shiloh, also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing, took place from April 6 to April 7, 1862, and was one of the major early engagements of the American Civil War (1861-65). The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. … Gen. Lew Wallace to retake their lost ground and then rides to the Union left to order an attack upon the Confederate works opposite Brig. - Fort Donelson, Battle of, Tenn., 1862 -- Songs and music - United States. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant is determined to move quickly to capture the much larger Fort Donelson, located on the nearby Cumberland River. It ensured that Kentucky would stay with the Union. Storming Fort Donelson by Union troops. This was disastrous for the Confederates, who were unable to keep the Union out of Kentucky and Tennessee. New York, NY: T. Yoseloff, 1968. The success elevated Brig. Battle of Fort Donelson is a part of American Civil War. This month marks the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Fort Donelson (February 12–16, 1862), the first major Union victory of the Civil War. The Battle of Fort Donelson was fought from February 11 to February 16, 1862, in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. It was much larger, with a stronger garrison, about 100 feet above the river, and on a ridge which narrowed routes for infantry attack. https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-fort-donelson. Colonel Heiman's Brigade 10th, 30th, 42nd, 48th, 53d Tennessee Infantry 27th Alabama Infantry Maney's Tennessee Battery Light Artillery Gen. Charles F. Smith’s division. February 14. Grant’s boast that he would capture Donelson by the 8th of February quickly ran into challenges. News of the capture of Fort Donelson, combined with the victory at Fort Henry only 10 days before, sped through the North and brought delight to those supporting the Union cause. The Battle of Fort Donelson began on February 13 and, after sharp fighting, concluded on February 16 with the unconditional surrender of the remaining Confederate garrison of approximately 15,000. The fort overlooks the Cumberland River. The Battle of Fort Donelson was the end of a very successful campaign through Tennessee. Connecting the past to the Cumberland River, is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) organization. The Federal soldiers are positioned on the nearby Cumberland River, an important avenue for the of... And…Knows of only one limit—he wants what you ’ ve got battlefield Trust is a part of Grant! Jealous of the Yankee perimeter are losing us the golden opportunity.... May I assume the command to. 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